nAl = 5.4/27 = 0.2 mol 

2Al + 3H2SO4 => Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 

0.2______________0.1________0.3 

VH2 = 0.3*22.4 = 6.72 (l) 

mAl2(SO4)3 = 0.1*342 = 34.2 g 

\(n_{Al} = \dfrac{10,8}{27} = 0,4(mol)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ n_{AlCl_3} = n_{Al} = 0,4(mol)\\ m_{AlCl_3} = 0,4.133,5 = 53,4(gam)\\ n_{HCl} =3 n_{Al} = 1,2(mol)\\ C\%_{HCl}= \dfrac{1,2.36,5}{200}.100\% = 21,9\%\)

Bài 14 : 

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)

        1          2             1          1 

      0,15     0,3           0,15     0,15

a) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,15.1}{1}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,15.2}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,15.1}{1}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(C_{M_{FeCl2}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,15}=1\left(M\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

`a)PTHH:`

`2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2`

`0,2`     `0,6`                               `0,3`       `(mol)`

`n_[Al]=[5,4]/27=0,2(mol)`

`b)V_[H_2]=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)`

`c)m_[dd HCl]=[0,6.36,5]/10 . 100 =219(g)`

n_Al  = \(\dfrac{5,4}{27}\) = 0,2 (mol)

 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

     0,2     0,6       0,2      0,3

=>VH2=0,3.22,4=6,72l

=>mHcl=0,6.36,5=21,9g

=>mdd=219g

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{84}{56}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=1,5.22,4=33,6\left(l\right)\\ C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.1,5}{84+300-1,5.2}.100\%=\dfrac{190,5}{381}.100\%=50\%\)

\(a,n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{102}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\\ .......0,2......1,2......0,4.....0,6\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2O\left(đktc\right)}=0,6\cdot22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{HCl}=36,5\cdot1,2=43,8\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{dd_{HCl}}=1,2\cdot36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{43,8}{200}\cdot100\%=21,9\%\)

\(d,m_{AlCl_3}=0,4\cdot133,5=53,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd\left(sau.pứ\right)}=m_{Al_2O_3}+m_{dd_{HCl}}-m_{H_2}=20,4+200-10,8=209,6\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{dd_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{53,4}{209,6}\cdot100\%\approx25,48\%\)

d)\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{mct.C\%}{100}=\dfrac{100.20}{100}=20\left(g\right)\)=>\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

tl1............1.............1..............1(mol)

So sánh\(\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{1}< \dfrac{n_{HCl}}{1}\left(\dfrac{0,5}{1}< \dfrac{1,2}{1}\right)\)

=> HCl Dư

Vậy Dung dịch sau phản ứng làm quỳ tím chuyển màu đỏ

PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgsO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgSO_4}=0,2\cdot120=24\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot98}{294}\cdot100\%\approx6,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

b) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{dd}=m_{ct}+m_{dm}=7,2+150=157,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{7,2}{157,2}.100\%\approx4,6\%\)

c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)